so that all fuel is atomised. A secondary air system similar to that of the 1199 Panigale has been introduced to optimise operation and reduce cyclic combustion variability without affecting emissions. A controlled flow of fresh air is supplied to the exhaust duct to enable complete oxidisation of hot unburnt gases, to effectively reduce hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide levels. With 150 hp power, 12.7 Kgm (124.5 Nm) torque and 10% less consumption (at 90 kph), the Testastretta 11° DS engine sets a new benchmark for Ducati twin-cylinder engines.